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Coronary Progenitor Cells and Soluble Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Prognosis after Coronary Angioplasty
Published on: January 28, 2020
Serum biomarker discovery related to pathogenesis in acute coronary syndrome by proteomic approach
Miji Shin1, Sora Mun1, Sang Hyun Park2
1Department of Senior Healthcare, Graduate School, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Korea.
Insights
New biomarkers like AGP1, C5, LRG, and VN show promise for early acute coronary syndrome (ACS) detection. These proteins, identified via mass spectrometry, can predict ACS onset before myocardial necrosis indicators appear.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Biochemistry
- Proteomics
Background:
- Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a critical condition with high mortality, often diagnosed using biomarkers that lack immediate sensitivity.
- Current ACS diagnostic markers rise post-myocardial necrosis, limiting early detection capabilities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify novel, highly sensitive, and specific biomarkers for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) directly linked to its pathogenesis.
- To discover diagnostic markers that can predict ACS onset earlier than existing methods.
Main Methods:
- Mass spectrometry (MS) was employed to analyze serum proteomes from ACS patients and healthy controls in both discovery and validation cohorts.
- Differential protein expression analysis was performed to identify potential ACS biomarkers.
Main Results:
- Five novel protein biomarkers were identified: α-1-acid glycoprotein 1 (AGP1), complement C5 (C5), leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein (LRG), and vitronectin (VN) showed increased levels in ACS patients.
- Gelsolin (GSN) levels were found to decrease in patients with ACS.
- These biomarkers demonstrated potential for predicting ACS onset.
Conclusions:
- The identified biomarkers (AGP1, C5, LRG, VN, GSN) are associated with ACS pathogenesis.
- These novel biomarkers can aid in the early prediction of ACS, preceding the rise of necrosis markers.
Abstract:
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) results from inadequate supply of blood flow from the coronary arteries to the heart or ischemia. ACS has an extremely high morbidity and mortality. The levels of biomarkers currently used for detection of ACS also increase in response to myocardial necrosis and other diseases and are not elevated immediately after symptoms appear, thus limiting their diagnostic capacity. Therefore, we aimed to discover new ACS diagnostic biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity that are specifically related to ACS pathogenesis. Sera from 50 patients with ACS and healthy controls (discovery cohort) each were analyzed using mass spectrometry (MS) to identify differentially expressed proteins, and protein candidates were evaluated as ACS biomarkers in 120 people in each group (validation cohort). α-1-acid glycoprotein 1 (AGP1), complement C5 (C5), leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein (LRG), and vitronectin (VN) were identified as biomarkers whose levels increase and gelsolin (GSN) as a biomarker whose levels decrease in patients with ACS. We concluded that these biomarkers are associated with the pathogenesis of ACS and can predict the onset of ACS prior to the appearance of necrotic biomarkers.
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