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Related Concept Videos

Preventive Healthcare Services01:30

Preventive Healthcare Services

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Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
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Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
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Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy01:26

Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy

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This lesson explores three gastrointestinal imaging techniques: radionuclide testing, colonic transit studies, and virtual colonoscopy.
Radionuclide Testing
Radionuclide testing is a sophisticated medical technique for assessing gastrointestinal motility. It focuses on gastric emptying and colonic transit time. Radioactive markers track the movement of food through the digestive system, providing insights into gastrointestinal disorders.
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Serum Laboratory Studies, Stool Test, Breath Test01:30

Serum Laboratory Studies, Stool Test, Breath Test

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Gastrointestinal (GI) diagnostic studies are pivotal in confirming, ruling out, diagnosing, or staging various diseases, including cancers. Following diagnosis, allocating time for discussions with the patient and providing informational resources is crucial. Diagnostic assessments of the GI tract often occur in outpatient settings like endoscopy suites or GI labs. Preparation for these tests may include dietary restrictions, fasting, liquid bowel preparations, laxatives, enemas, and the...
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Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

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Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT01:25

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT

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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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Evaluation of Colorectal Cancer Risk and Prevalence by Stool DNA Integrity Detection
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Screening for Colorectal Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.

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Colorectal cancer screening offers substantial benefits for adults aged 50-75 and moderate benefits for those aged 45-49. Selective screening may benefit adults 76-85 who have been previously screened.

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Area of Science:

  • Preventive Medicine
  • Oncology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer death in the US, with increasing incidence in younger adults.
  • A significant percentage of eligible adults are not up-to-date with CRC screening.
  • The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) updated its CRC screening recommendations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the benefits and harms of CRC screening in adults aged 40 and older.
  • To examine variations in screening effectiveness by age, sex, and race/ethnicity.
  • To provide modeling data on life-years gained and CRC cases/deaths averted by different screening strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of evidence on CRC screening benefits and harms.
  • Comparative modeling by the Cancer Intervention and Surveillance Modeling Network (CISNET) Colorectal Cancer Working Group.
  • Analysis of screening strategies across various starting and stopping ages.

Main Results:

  • High certainty of substantial net benefit for CRC screening in adults aged 50-75 years.
  • Moderate certainty of moderate net benefit for CRC screening in adults aged 45-49 years.
  • Small net benefit for previously screened adults aged 76-85 years; never-screened individuals are more likely to benefit.

Conclusions:

  • USPSTF recommends CRC screening for all adults aged 50-75 (A recommendation).
  • USPSTF recommends CRC screening for adults aged 45-49 (B recommendation).
  • USPSTF recommends selective screening for adults aged 76-85, considering individual health and history (C recommendation).