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From larynx to vocal ability. New electro-physiological data.

W F Thumfart1

  • 1University ENT Hospital, Cologne, F.R.G.

Acta Oto-Laryngologica
|May 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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Electrodiagnostics offer objective voice and speech disorder diagnosis by examining laryngeal, palatal, and tongue muscles. This method aids in differentiating paralysis types and diagnosing coordination disorders.

Area of Science:

  • Phoniatrics
  • Neurology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Phoniatric diagnostics and therapy target small muscles of voice and speech organs.
  • Electrodiagnostics for these muscles are challenging due to anatomical location but offer objective diagnosis.
  • Existing methods lack objective measurement for coordination disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present electrodiagnostic methods for phoniatric disorders.
  • To demonstrate objective diagnosis and documentation of neuromuscular disorders.
  • To differentiate between organic lesions and functional dysfunctions.

Main Methods:

  • Electromyography of larynx, palate, and tongue during voluntary contraction.
  • Neuromyography via afferent nerve (X cranial nerve) electrostimulation.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Reflex myography via contralateral nerve electrostimulation.
  • Use of 80-micron copper wire electrodes during zoom endoscopy under local anesthesia.

    • Main Results:

    • The method allows objective diagnosis and documentation of neuromuscular disorders.
    • Clear differentiation between degenerative and non-degenerative paralysis is possible.
    • Electromyogram reflex measurements can verify psychogenic aphonia and functional dysfunctions.
    • Myopathies and neurological diseases causing voice/speech disorders are diagnosable.

    Conclusions:

    • Electrodiagnostics are crucial for the differential diagnosis of palsies.
    • Objective measurement and quantitation of coordination disorders are feasible.
    • The method should be expanded for diagnosing voice and speech disorders of various etiologies.
    • Future advancements include computerized electromyography analysis and electro-stimulation with train.