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Tensor network approach to thermalization in open quantum many-body systems.
Hayate Nakano1, Tatsuhiko Shirai2, Takashi Mori3
1Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
Physical Review. E
|May 19, 2021
Summary
Open quantum systems relax to thermal states. Our study shows time-evolved states remain indistinguishable from Gibbs states with effective temperatures, revealing insights into quantum many-body dynamics.
Area of Science:
- Quantum physics
- Condensed matter theory
- Statistical mechanics
Background:
- Investigating relaxation dynamics in open quantum many-body systems is crucial for understanding their behavior.
- Nonintegrable systems exhibit complex dynamics that are challenging to model.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the relaxation dynamics of open nonintegrable quantum many-body systems.
- To determine if time-evolved states remain thermodynamically equivalent to Gibbs states.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing a tensor-network formalism for simulating infinite systems.
- Employing uniform matrix product operators (MPO) to represent density matrices.
- Developing a method to measure thermodynamic equivalence between MPO-described states.
Main Results:
- Demonstrated that time-evolved states are indistinguishable from Gibbs states with effective temperatures.
- Confirmed this behavior in the weak-dissipation and thermodynamic limit.
- Established a method for assessing thermodynamic equivalence.
Conclusions:
- Open quantum many-body systems, when starting from a thermal Gibbs state, evolve into states that are thermodynamically indistinguishable from other Gibbs states.
- The effective temperature of the evolved state changes over time.
- The findings are valid in the weak-dissipation and thermodynamic limit.
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