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Updated: Nov 5, 2025

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
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A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19

Published on: July 5, 2022

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Ketoacidosis as a primary manifestation of COVID-19

Majidreza Akbarizadeh1, Mahin Naderifar1, Parisa Ghanizadegan1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.

Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism
|May 19, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in children can present with nonspecific symptoms, mimicking other syndromes. This case highlights a pediatric COVID-19 infection presenting with DKA, emphasizing the need for vigilance.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a critical metabolic emergency in children.
  • The COVID-19 pandemic has seen children present with nonspecific symptoms, complicating diagnoses.
  • Recognizing atypical presentations is crucial for timely intervention.

Observation:

  • An 18-month-old child presented with fever and diarrhea, unresponsive to outpatient care.
  • The child exhibited deep, abdominal breathing and decreased consciousness, with admission blood sugar of 420 mg/dl.
  • Initial diagnosis was DKA, confirmed by a positive COVID-19 PCR test.

Findings:

  • This case demonstrates a pediatric COVID-19 infection manifesting as diabetic ketoacidosis.
  • The nonspecific symptoms of COVID-19 can mask serious underlying conditions.
  • Early recognition of DKA symptoms in children during the pandemic is vital.

Implications:

  • Pediatricians and general practitioners must maintain a high index of suspicion for COVID-19 in children with DKA symptoms.
  • Close patient monitoring and follow-up are essential, especially if symptoms persist or worsen.
  • Considering COVID-19 as a potential trigger for DKA in children is recommended during the ongoing pandemic.
Abstract

Keywords:
children.ketoacidosistype 1 diabetesCOVID-19

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