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Closed-loop feedback control of microfluidic cell manipulation via deep-learning integrated sensor networks.

Ningquan Wang1, Ruxiu Liu1, Norh Asmare1

  • 1School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA. sarioglu@gatech.edu.

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This study introduces an adaptive microfluidic system using electrical sensors and deep learning for real-time cell tracking. The system maintains consistent cell flow speeds despite disruptions, improving reliability for biomedical tests.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Microfluidics
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Microfluidic devices manipulate cells using force fields for characterization.
  • Standard microfluidic platforms struggle with specimen variability and external disturbances.
  • Optimized conditions in microfluidics often fail to account for real-world complexities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an adaptive microfluidic system for robust cell manipulation.
  • To integrate on-chip electrical sensors and closed-loop feedback control for real-time adjustments.
  • To enhance the reliability and reduce artifacts in microfluidic cell analysis.

Main Methods:

  • An adaptive microfluidic system with distributed electrical sensors was designed.
  • Deep learning algorithms interpreted real-time cell flow speed data from sensors.
  • A proportional-integral feedback controller modulated a pressure pump to maintain target flow speeds.

Main Results:

  • The adaptive system successfully tracked cells and modulated chip parameters in real-time.
  • Validation with static and dynamic targets demonstrated system efficacy.
  • The system showed rapid convergence and resilience to continuous external perturbations.

Conclusions:

  • Adaptive microfluidic systems can sustain optimal processing conditions autonomously.
  • This technology reduces susceptibility to artifacts, enhancing data quality.
  • The system holds potential for reliable, standardized biomedical tests at the point of care.