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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

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Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
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Related Experiment Video

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A Spheroid Killing Assay by CAR T Cells
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[CAR-T Cells in solid tumours: present and future].

Assma Ben Aïssa1, Maria-Viviana Niculescu1, Denis Migliorini1,2,3,4

  • 1Département d'oncologie, HUG, 1211 Genève 14.

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|May 19, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy shows promise for blood cancers but faces challenges in solid tumors. Advances in CAR technology and understanding resistance mechanisms are paving the way for CAR-T cell success in solid tumors.

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A Real-time Potency Assay for Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells Targeting Solid and Hematological Cancer Cells
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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Adoptive cell therapy utilizes Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cells (CAR-T) to target tumor antigens.
  • CAR-T therapy has demonstrated significant efficacy in hematological malignancies.
  • Solid tumors present unique challenges for CAR-T cell therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the challenges and advancements in CAR-T cell therapy for solid tumors.
  • To highlight the potential of emerging CAR technologies in overcoming current limitations.
  • To discuss the importance of understanding CAR-T cell mechanisms for future success.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on CAR-T cell therapy in solid tumors.
  • Analysis of key challenges including antigen targeting, tumor microenvironment, and trafficking.
  • Examination of recent technological advancements in CAR design and engineering.

Main Results:

  • Solid tumors exhibit limited target antigen availability and heterogeneity.
  • The tumor microenvironment often suppresses CAR-T cell activity.
  • Poor CAR-T cell infiltration into solid tumors remains a significant hurdle.

Conclusions:

  • Overcoming challenges in antigen selection and tumor microenvironment modulation is crucial for CAR-T efficacy in solid tumors.
  • Continued advancements in CAR technology and a deeper understanding of resistance mechanisms are essential.
  • CAR-T cell therapy holds significant future potential for treating solid tumors.