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Updated: Nov 5, 2025

A High Resolution Method to Monitor Phosphorylation-dependent Activation of IRF3
Published on: January 24, 2016
Inducible ATP1B1 Upregulates Antiviral Innate Immune Responses by the Ubiquitination of TRAF3 and TRAF6
Wei Cao1, Yifei Guo1, Zhikui Cheng1
1State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Abstract:
The antiviral innate immune responses are crucial steps during host defense and must be strictly regulated, but the molecular mechanisms of control remain unclear. In this study, we report increased expression of human ATPase Na+/K+ transporting subunit β 1(ATP1B1) after DNA and RNA virus infections. We found that the expression of ATP1B1 can inhibit viral replication and increase the levels of IFNs, IFN-stimulated genes, and inflammatory cytokines. Knockdown of ATP1B1 by specific short hairpin RNA had the opposite effects. Upon viral infection, ATP1B1 was induced, interacted with TRAF3 and TRAF6, and potentiated the ubiquitination of these proteins, leading to increased phosphorylation of downstream molecules, including TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) and TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1). These results reveal a previously unrecognized role of ATP1B1 in antiviral innate immunity and suggest a novel mechanism for the induction of IFNs and proinflammatory cytokines during viral infection.
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