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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials

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Tunable non-integer high-harmonic generation in a topological insulator.

C P Schmid¹, L Weigl¹, P Grössing²

¹Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.

|May 20, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers generated high-order harmonic radiation in topological insulators, observing unique surface effects and controllable frequency shifts. This opens doors for exploring topology and developing new electronic devices.

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Area of Science:

Condensed Matter Physics
Quantum Optics
Materials Science

Background:

High-order harmonic (HH) generation reveals electron dynamics in solids under intense light.
Topological materials are predicted to exhibit unconventional HH generation due to their unique electronic properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To experimentally demonstrate and characterize HH generation in a 3D topological insulator.
To investigate the role of topological surface states in HH emission.
To explore potential applications in topological electronics.

Main Methods:

Experimental demonstration of HH generation using intense terahertz fields on bismuth telluride.
Analysis of HH spectra to distinguish between bulk and surface contributions.
Investigation of carrier-envelope phase effects on HH emission.

Main Results:

Successful HH generation observed in a 3D topological insulator (bismuth telluride).
Distinct HH generation from topological surface states, enhanced by spin-momentum locking and quasi-relativistic dispersion.
Continuous shifting of HH orders by varying the driving field's carrier-envelope phase.
Observed polarization patterns consistent with anomalous Berry curvature and meandering Dirac fermion trajectories.

Conclusions:

Topological insulators provide a unique platform for studying strong-field physics and topology.
The findings suggest potential for non-dissipative topological electronics operating at infrared frequencies.