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Contrast Media-Induced Immune Hemolytic Anemia
Hajar H Al Ghailani1, Abdullah M Al Alawi2, Abdul Hakeem Al Hashim2
1Medicine, Oman Medical Speciality Board, Muscat, OMN.
Cureus
|May 20, 2021
Summary
Contrast media can cause rare but fatal drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia (DIIHA). A 70-year-old woman developed severe hemolytic anemia after iohexol contrast, leading to death, highlighting a critical risk.
Area of Science:
- Internal Medicine
- Hematology
- Radiology
Background:
- Drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia (DIIHA) is a rare condition, predominantly linked to antibiotics.
- Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia from contrast media is exceptionally uncommon.
Observation:
- A 70-year-old female patient presented with community-acquired pneumonia.
- The patient underwent a CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis utilizing iohexol (Omnipaque).
Findings:
- Following contrast administration, the patient developed severe hemolytic anemia.
- The severe hemolytic anemia was a significant factor contributing to the patient's mortality.
Implications:
- This case highlights a rare and potentially fatal complication associated with intravenous (IV) contrast media.
- Clinicians should be aware of the risk of DIIHA following contrast administration, even in the absence of typical antibiotic triggers.
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