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Low-work-function LaB6 for realizing photodynamic-enhanced photothermal therapy.

Shuanglong Tang1, Weicheng Huang2, Yan Gao1

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Lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6) nanoparticles show promise for cancer treatment by combining photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT). This single-agent approach effectively inhibits tumors with no observed adverse effects in mice.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) offer potential for tumor treatment.
  • Combined PDT-PTT can enhance therapeutic efficacy.
  • Developing single-material agents simplifies experimental setups for synergistic phototherapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6) nanoparticles as a novel agent for combined PDT and PTT.
  • To evaluate the photothermal and photodynamic effects of LaB6 under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation.
  • To assess the in vivo efficacy and safety of LaB6-mediated phototherapy for cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis and characterization of low-work-function lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6) particles.
  • NIR light irradiation to induce photothermal and photodynamic effects.
  • Theoretical calculations using density functional theory (DFT) to understand NIR absorption mechanisms.
  • In vivo studies using HepG2 tumor-bearing mice to evaluate therapeutic effects and safety.

Main Results:

  • LaB6 particles demonstrated strong light absorption in the NIR region due to local plasmonic resonance.
  • NIR irradiation of LaB6 induced significant photothermal effects and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production.
  • In vivo treatment showed excellent tumor inhibitory effects in HepG2 tumor-bearing mice.
  • No adverse effects were observed in the treated mice, indicating good biocompatibility.

Conclusions:

  • LaB6 is an effective single-agent material for synergistic phototherapy combining PDT and PTT.
  • The strong NIR absorption and dual therapeutic effects make LaB6 a promising candidate for cancer treatment.
  • Further research into LaB6-based phototherapy could lead to advanced cancer treatment strategies.