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The Staufen1-dependent cell cycle regulon or how a misregulated RNA-binding protein leads to cancer

Florence Bonnet-Magnaval1, Luc DesGroseillers1

  • 1Département de biochimie et médecine moléculaire, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Édouard Montpetit, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada.

Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society
|May 21, 2021
PubMed

Insights

The RNA-binding protein Staufen1 (STAU1) regulates cell division and differentiation. Its misregulation in cancer promotes cell proliferation and tumor development, offering potential therapeutic targets.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Staufen1 (STAU1) is an RNA-binding protein implicated in controlling cellular decisions.
  • In normal cells, STAU1 maintains a balance in gene expression crucial for differentiation and cell division.
  • Dysregulation of STAU1 disrupts this balance, promoting cancer development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Staufen1 (STAU1) in cell proliferation and cancer development.
  • To understand how STAU1 misregulation contributes to the tumorigenic equilibrium.
  • To explore STAU1 as a potential target for cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of STAU1's role in post-transcriptional regulation of RNA targets.
  • Examination of STAU1-mediated gene regulation in cancer cells.
  • Study of the STAU1-dependent cell cycle regulon.

Main Results:

  • STAU1 misregulation leads to altered expression of cell cycle regulators, favoring proliferation.
  • Cancer cells exhibit a tumorigenic equilibrium influenced by STAU1.
  • Increased STAU1 expression can promote apoptosis, suggesting a dual role.

Conclusions:

  • STAU1 plays a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and its dysregulation is a key factor in cancer initiation.
  • The STAU1-dependent cell cycle regulon serves as a model for understanding RNA-binding protein-driven oncogenesis.
  • Targeting STAU1 may offer a strategy to combat cancer by restoring apoptotic pathways.
Keywords:
RNA regulonRNA-binding proteinStaufencancercell proliferationpost-transcriptional regulation

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