Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 4, 2025

Mechanical Conflict-Avoidance Assay to Measure Pain Behavior in Mice
Published on: February 18, 2022
Music Intervention: Nonpharmacologic Method to Reduce Pain and Anxiety in Adult Patients Undergoing Bone Marrow
Laura C Schandert1, Mary Lou Affronti2, Mariah S Prince1
1Duke University Hospital.
Background:
Bone marrow procedures cause anxiety and pain in adult patients with cancer. Music is a safe, inexpensive, noninvasive intervention that is easy to implement and is well received by patients and providers.
Objectives:
The purpose of this quality improvement project was to develop, implement, evaluate, and sustain a music protocol during bone marrow biopsy and aspiration procedures for adult patients with hematologic malignancies. In addition, this project sought to decrease pain, anxiety, heart rate, and blood pressure in patients undergoing bone marrow procedures.
Methods:
The project coordinator collected baseline data regarding toleration of bone marrow procedures and then implemented a music protocol during the procedures during a six-month intervention phase. Comparison variables included pain, anxiety, heart rate, blood pressure, and subjective impressions.
Findings:
The music protocol resulted in improved patient anxiety, decreased procedure time, and decreased medication use during bone marrow procedures. All patients who used the music intervention indicated they would use it again.
Related Concept Videos
Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones
Nutrient Artery
The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...
Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management
Analgesia and Pain Management
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System IV: CMRI

