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Related Concept Videos

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

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Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
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Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
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To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 4, 2025

Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model
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A Versatile In Vivo System to Study Myc in Cell Reprogramming.

Elena Senís1, Lluc Mosteiro2, Dirk Grimm3,4

  • 1Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|May 21, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a novel in vivo method using adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors to study cellular reprogramming, focusing on the role of Myc in stemness and regeneration. This technique allows for organ-specific targeting and assessment of Myc

Keywords:
AAV vectorsCellular reprogrammingInduced pluripotent stem cellsKlf4MycOct4Sox2TeratomasiPS cellsin vivo

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Area of Science:

  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Cellular reprogramming converts adult cells into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, crucial for regenerative medicine and cancer research.
  • The transcription factor cocktail OSKM (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, Myc) is commonly used, with Myc significantly influencing reprogramming efficiency and kinetics.
  • Studying in vivo reprogramming is essential but challenging due to the need for precise organ and cell-type targeting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a versatile in vivo method for studying cellular reprogramming using adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors.
  • To investigate the role of Myc in cellular reprogramming, dedifferentiation, and stemness.
  • To enable the testing of Myc mutations, Myc-replacing genes, and Myc regulators in vivo.

Main Methods:

  • Intravenous inoculation of AAV vectors for targeted gene delivery in vivo.
  • Monitoring animals for teratoma formation as an indicator of reprogramming.
  • Isolation and analysis of in vivo-generated iPS cells from teratomas, blood, and bone marrow.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a method for in vivo reprogramming using AAV vectors with organ and cell-type specificity.
  • Utilized teratoma formation and iPS cell isolation as readouts for reprogramming efficiency.
  • Established a platform to study the function of Myc in dedifferentiation and stemness in vivo.

Conclusions:

  • The developed AAV-based in vivo reprogramming platform provides a robust system for studying stemness and regeneration.
  • This method offers insights into the critical role of Myc in cellular reprogramming, tissue regeneration, and cancer.
  • The platform facilitates the investigation of genetic modifiers of Myc function in the context of in vivo reprogramming.