Midfacial Degloving Technique for Free Flap Reconstruction of Nasal and Anterior Skull Base Defects

Traditionally, surgical access for extirpation and reconstruction of midfacial tumors requires external incisions that can cause a myriad of complications, especially in irradiated patients. The modern midfacial degloving approach involves hidden, sublabial and intranasal incisions that provide reliable access for free flap reconstruction of nasal and maxillofacial tumors. Seven patients with a history of radiation therapy underwent free flap reconstruction of the midface. Five patients underwent the technique in a delayed manner, and the remaining two underwent reconstruction immediately at the time of resection. Five patients underwent free radial forearm fasciocutaneous free flaps and two underwent reconstruction with anterolateral thigh perforator flaps. Bone and/or rib cartilage grafting was used in all patients. All patients underwent successful free flap reconstruction of the midface without external incisions. The most common complication was postoperative infection requiring oral or intravenous antibiotics. No patients sustained loss of their grafts or hardware in the postoperative period. The midfacial degloving technique provides satisfactory exposure to the nasal cavity, midface, orbits, and skull base for free flap reconstruction, without disrupting the external soft tissue. The authors describe a novel use of the midfacial degloving technique to provide safe and reliable results with improved cosmetic outcome.