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Structure-Function Mapping Using a Three-Dimensional Neuroretinal Rim Parameter Derived From Spectral Domain Optical

Ali Riza Cenk Celebi1,2, Elli A Park3, Alice Chandra Verticchio Vercellin1,4

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Translational Vision Science & Technology
|May 21, 2021
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Summary

A new 3D neuroretinal rim measurement shows structure-function correlation in glaucoma comparable to standard 2D retinal nerve fiber layer thickness. This highlights potential for advanced OCT imaging in glaucoma assessment.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Glaucoma Research

Background:

  • Glaucoma diagnosis and monitoring rely on assessing the relationship between retinal structure and visual function.
  • Current imaging techniques like spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) provide structural data, while Humphrey visual field (HVF) perimetry assesses visual function.
  • Identifying robust structural parameters that correlate strongly with functional deficits is crucial for early glaucoma detection and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the structure-function relationship in glaucoma by comparing a novel three-dimensional (3D) minimum distance band (MDB) neuroretinal rim parameter with traditional two-dimensional (2D) peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness.
  • To determine if the 3D MDB parameter offers improved correlation with visual field sensitivity compared to RNFL thickness.

Main Methods:

  • The study included 102 open-angle glaucoma patients and 58 healthy controls.
  • Structure-function correlation was analyzed globally and regionally using peripapillary RNFL thickness and 3D MDB neuroretinal rim thickness derived from SD-OCT volume scans.
  • Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to assess the strength of the relationship between structural measurements and Humphrey visual field (HVF) sensitivities.

Main Results:

  • The global minimum distance band (MDB) thickness showed a higher Pearson correlation coefficient (R = 0.585) with visual function than global retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness (R = 0.492), though not statistically significant.
  • Regional MDB thicknesses correlated better with corresponding HVF sensitivities in six out of eight regions compared to regional RNFL thicknesses.
  • In two regions, RNFL thickness showed a stronger correlation than MDB thickness.

Conclusions:

  • Three-dimensional MDB neuroretinal rim thickness demonstrates a structure-function correlation in glaucoma that is as strong as the commonly used 2D peripapillary RNFL thickness.
  • Advanced 3D OCT algorithms hold promise for enhancing in vivo imaging and improving glaucoma assessment.