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Tripartite synaptomics: Cell-surface proximity labeling in vivo.
Tetsuya Takano1, Scott H Soderling2
1Department of Neurophysiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan; The Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
Neuroscience Research
|May 21, 2021
Summary
Astrocyte cells form tripartite synapses crucial for brain function. New in vivo proximity labeling methods reveal molecular insights into how astrocytes regulate synapse formation, impacting neurological disorders.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cell Biology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Astrocytes are central glial cells vital for neuronal circuit architecture and function via tripartite synapses.
- Dysfunction in tripartite synaptic connections is linked to psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders.
- Recent research has elucidated astrocyte control over synaptogenesis through advanced molecular and cellular techniques.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review novel in vivo cell-surface proximity-dependent biotinylation (BioID) approaches.
- To highlight recent advances in understanding astrocyte-synapse molecular interactions.
- To emphasize astrocyte regulation of excitatory and inhibitory synapse formation.
Main Methods:
- Development and application of in vivo cell-surface proximity-dependent biotinylation (BioID) techniques, including TurboID-surface and Split-TurboID.
- Proteomic analysis to define the molecular composition of the tripartite synaptic cleft.
- In vitro and in vivo studies on astrocyte-mediated synaptogenesis.
Main Results:
- Discovery of a novel molecular framework governing the tripartite synaptic cleft.
- Comprehensive understanding of molecular interactions between astrocytes and neuronal synapses.
- Identification of key mechanisms by which astrocytes regulate synapse formation.
Conclusions:
- In vivo cell-surface BioID approaches offer powerful tools to study astrocyte-synapse interactions.
- Astrocytes play a significant role in regulating both excitatory and inhibitory synapse formation.
- These findings advance our understanding of brain function and neurological disorders.
