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Clinical and hematologic presentations of adults with COVID-19 patients in Jeddah: A case control study

Fatemah O Kamel1, Rania M Magadmi1, Sulafa T Alqutub2

  • 1Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Journal of Infection and Public Health
|May 21, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Male gender, hypertension, and diabetes are key risk factors for COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019). This study in Jeddah identified lower lymphocyte and neutrophil counts in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, presents significant morbidity and mortality.
  • While clinical features are documented, COVID-19 risk factors require further elucidation.
  • This study aimed to identify risk factors and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the risk factors associated with COVID-19.
  • To describe the clinical features of COVID-19 patients.
  • To investigate demographic and clinical data for COVID-19 in Jeddah.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective, chart-review, case-control study design.
  • Inclusion of patients diagnosed between March 18 and May 18, 2020.
  • Analysis of demographic, clinical, radiological, and laboratory data.

Main Results:

  • 175 COVID-19 positive cases and 122 controls were analyzed.
  • Male gender, hypertension, and diabetes were more prevalent in COVID-19 patients.
  • Fever, cough, loss of taste/smell, and pneumonia were associated with positive COVID-19 diagnosis; lower lymphocyte and neutrophil counts observed.

Conclusions:

  • Male gender, hypertension, and diabetes are significant risk factors for COVID-19 in Jeddah.
  • COVID-19 patients exhibited significantly lower lymphocyte and neutrophil counts.
  • Understanding these factors aids in managing and preventing COVID-19 spread.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19Hematological predictorsRisk factorsSARS-CoV-2Saudi Arabia

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