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Closed-Loop Neurofeedback of α Synchrony during Goal-Directed Attention.

Jyoti Mishra1,2, Mira Lowenstein3,4, Richard Campusano3,4

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037 jymishra@ucsd.edu.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|May 22, 2021
PubMed
Summary

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Diminished frontal-sensory synchrony (FSS) in alpha oscillations correlates with better attention. Cognitive neurofeedback (cNF) training improves attention performance and neural plasticity in adults and children with ADHD.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Alpha (α) oscillations in sensory cortex are modulated by frontal control during attentive preparation.
  • Desynchronization of α oscillations is linked to attentive states.
  • Frontal-sensory synchrony (FSS) of α oscillations is a potential neural marker for attention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between anticipatory α FSS and task performance.
  • To assess the efficacy of closed-loop cognitive neurofeedback (cNF) in modulating α FSS and improving attention.
  • To evaluate the translational utility of cNF in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Main Methods:

  • Simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG) and behavioral measures in selective attention tasks.
Keywords:
attention deficit hyperactivity disorderbrain computer interfacecognitive neurofeedbackdorsal attention networkneuroplasticitysynchrony

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  • Double-blind, randomized controlled study implementing 10-day cognitive neurofeedback (cNF) training.
  • Assessment of trial-by-trial modulation, neural plasticity, and transfer effects to sustained attention tests.

    • Main Results:

    • Diminished anticipatory α FSS significantly correlated with enhanced task performance.
    • cNF training successfully modulated anticipatory α FSS and induced plasticity in α/θ responses.
    • cNF improved sustained attention response times (RTs) in healthy adults and children with ADHD.

    Conclusions:

    • Anticipatory α FSS is a viable neural correlate of attentional performance.
    • Rapid, cognitive-task-integrated neurofeedback (cNF) is a feasible and effective intervention for attention enhancement.
    • cNF demonstrates translational potential for improving attention in clinical populations like ADHD.