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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
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The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR01:23

The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR

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CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats is a adaptive immune system found in bacteria and archaea that protects against viral infections. This system enables prokaryotic cells to identify, remember, and neutralize foreign genetic elements, primarily bacteriophages, by storing fragments of the invader’s DNA as a genetic memory.The CRISPR immune response begins during an initial infection. Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins play a central role in this...
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CRISPR01:59

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
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Genome-Wide CRISPR Screen for Unveiling Radiosensitive and Radioresistant Genes
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CRISPR: The Multidrug Resistance Endgame?

Arpit Shukla1, Nistha Jani1, Monika Polra1

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Institute of Advanced Research, University of Innovation, Koba Institutional Area, Gandhinagar, 382426, Gujarat, India.

Molecular Biotechnology
|May 22, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) technology shows promise for combating multidrug resistance (MDR) in microbes. This review explores CRISPR-Cas9

Keywords:
CRISPRCas9Genome editingMultidrug resistance

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genetics
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Microbial adaptability drives multidrug resistance (MDR), a significant global health threat.
  • The development of novel antibiotics struggles to keep pace with emerging MDR.
  • CRISPR-Cas9 technology offers a potential alternative strategy to address MDR.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the scope, principles, mechanisms, and applications of CRISPR-Cas9 technology.
  • To highlight recent advancements enhancing CRISPR-Cas9's applicability against MDR.
  • To identify research gaps and challenges for future CRISPR-Cas9 development.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of CRISPR-Cas9 technology and its applications.
  • Analysis of CRISPR-Cas9 variations and underlying mechanisms.
  • Exploration of recent advancements and implications in combating MDR.

Main Results:

  • CRISPR-Cas9 is a versatile genome-editing tool with successful applications across various organisms.
  • CRISPR-Cas9 is being seriously considered as a candidate for countering microbial MDR.
  • Recent advancements are expanding the potential of CRISPR-Cas9 in diverse fields.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR-Cas9 technology holds significant potential as a novel approach to combat multidrug resistance.
  • Further research is needed to address existing challenges and optimize CRISPR-Cas9 applications.
  • Expanding the understanding and application of CRISPR-Cas9 can enhance strategies against MDR.