Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 4, 2025

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility
04:22

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility

Published on: May 30, 2025

434

"Good practices" in pediatric clinical care for disorders/differences of sex development

Grace L Kavanaugh1,2, Lauren Mohnach3, Janey Youngblom1

  • 1Department of Biology, California State University, Stanislaus, CA, USA.

Endocrine
|May 22, 2021
PubMed

Insights

This study defined quality care practices for pediatric patients with disorders/differences of sex development (DSD). While many sites adopted core practices, variability exists in areas like psychosocial support and patient tracking.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Genetics
  • Medical Ethics

Background:

  • Disorders/Differences of Sex Development (DSD) require specialized, multidisciplinary care.
  • Establishing standardized quality care benchmarks is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
  • Previous efforts to define "good practices" for DSD care have been limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define, benchmark, and publicize elements of quality care for pediatric patients with DSD.
  • To establish consensus on "good practices" for DSD management.
  • To evaluate adherence to these practices across North American clinical sites.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify principles of quality care.
  • Consensus was reached on 11 "good practices" for DSD care.
  • An online survey of 21 North American clinical sites assessed adherence to these practices.

Main Results:

  • High adoption rates were observed for specialty participation, dedicated points of contact, expertise in gender dysphoria, and DSD-specific continuing medical education.
  • Significant variability was noted in the frequency of peer support referrals, use of standardized psychosocial and gender development questionnaires, consistent clarification of patient values, genital exam protocols, and internal patient-tracking systems.
  • While core components show strong uptake, nuanced aspects of care require further attention and standardization.

Conclusions:

  • This study presents a novel approach to designating DSD "good practices" and highlights areas of consistency and variation in clinical implementation.
  • Benchmarking DSD care facilitates quality assessment, promotes continuous improvement, and empowers stakeholders in delivering high-quality care.
  • Further efforts are needed to address variability and ensure comprehensive, patient-centered care for individuals with DSD.
Abstract

Keywords:
BenchmarkingDisorders of sex developmentGuidelineQuality improvement

More Related Videos

Establishment of Rat Models Mimicking Gender-affirming Hormone Therapies06:24

Establishment of Rat Models Mimicking Gender-affirming Hormone Therapies

Published on: January 10, 2025

1.1K
Involving Individuals with Developmental Language Disorder and Their Parents/Carers in Research Priority Setting06:16

Involving Individuals with Developmental Language Disorder and Their Parents/Carers in Research Priority Setting

Published on: June 6, 2020

4.0K

Related Concept Videos

Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development01:30

Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development

Social-emotional experiences and cultural influences play significant roles in shaping gender development. During middle childhood, from ages 6 to 11, peer groups become dominant in reinforcing gender norms. Children in this age group often align with same-gender peer groups, which actively encourage behaviors that conform to traditional gender roles. For instance, boys may be discouraged from engaging in activities perceived as feminine, reinforcing culturally dictated norms about masculinity...
131
Conduct Disorder01:28

Conduct Disorder

Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
209
Sex-linked Disorders01:43

Sex-linked Disorders

Like autosomes, sex chromosomes contain a variety of genes necessary for normal body function. When a mutation in one of these genes results in biological deficits, the disorder is considered sex-linked.
104.8K
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
58
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
49
Disorders of the Male Reproductive System01:20

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

Men's health issues are increasingly recognized as significant, with several conditions posing common threats. Among these, testicular cancer is especially prevalent in younger men, particularly those aged 20 to 35 years. The disease often manifests as a painless mass in the testicles, sometimes accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or a dull ache.
Prostate disorders are another major concern. These conditions can impair urinary flow due to the prostate's location around the urethra....
3.2K