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Updated: Nov 4, 2025

Generation of Integration-free Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Hair-derived Keratinocytes
Published on: August 20, 2015
Reprogramming oral epithelial keratinocytes into a pluripotent phenotype for tissue regeneration
Fayrouz Bazina1,2, Sabine M Brouxhon3, Stephanos Kyrkanides4
1Ph.D. Program in Oral Biology and Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA.
Objectives:
We set out to reprogram adult somatic oral epithelial keratinocytes into pluripotent cells for regenerative dentistry.
Setting And Sample Population:
Immortalized murine oral keratinocyte cell (IMOK) line raised from adult mouse mucosa were cultured in vitro in our studies.
Materials And Methods:
Adult murine oral epithelial keratinocytes were chronically treated with TGF-β1 in vitro, and the expression of Oct4, Nanog, Sox2 and Nestin, as well as specific homeobox Gata and Pax gene family members were investigated.
Results:
We documented the induction of stem factors linked with pluripotency and/or the maintenance and regulation of stem-cell self-renewal in oral epithelial keratinocytes by TGFβ1. Moreover, we discovered that this TGF-β1-induced increase in Oct4, Nanog, Sox2 and Nestin was inhibited by SB431542, suggesting that TGF-β1 signals via the TGF-βRI receptor to induce pluripotency and stemness.
Conclusions:
Adult oral epithelial keratinocytes treated chronically with TGF-β1 acquired phenotypic characteristics consistent with pluripotent stem cells, highlighting the facileness of reprogramming adult oral keratinocytes into an unlimited supply of pluripotent stem cells.
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