CBCT-based assessment of the anatomic relationship between maxillary sinus and upper teeth

Area of Science:

• Dental Anatomy
• Radiology
• Maxillofacial Imaging

Background:

• The anatomical proximity between maxillary sinuses and upper teeth can impact dental procedures.
• Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) provides detailed 3D imaging for assessing these relationships.

Purpose of the Study:

• To quantitatively describe the anatomical relationship between the maxillary sinus and the apices of maxillary canines, premolars, and molars.
• To establish the prevalence of close proximity or contact between tooth roots and the maxillary sinus.

Main Methods:

• CBCT scans from 147 patients were analyzed.
• Distances between the maxillary sinus floor and the apices of 1075 maxillary teeth (canines, premolars, molars) were measured.
• Teeth with apical lesions or unusual root anatomy were excluded.

Main Results:

• A significant close relationship was observed between the maxillary sinus and upper molars, with 89% of second molars and 81% of first molars in close proximity or contact.
• Specific molar roots, particularly the mesiobuccal and distobuccal roots of the second molar, showed high contact rates (85% and 76%).
• Approximately 20% of upper canines were also found within 2 mm of the maxillary sinus.

Conclusions:

• Over 80% of first and second upper molars exhibit a close anatomical relationship with the maxillary sinus.
• This detailed understanding of the maxillary sinus-tooth proximity is essential for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment planning in endodontics, implantology, and oral surgery.