Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 4, 2025

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Long-Term Health Impacts of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection on Offspring
Published on: May 17, 2024
Assisted reproductive technologies and the risk of stillbirth in singleton pregnancies: a systematic review and
Karoline Gundersen Sarmon1, Troels Eliasen1, Ulla Breth Knudsen2
1Institute of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Objective:
To identify the risk of stillbirth from in vitro types of assisted reproductive technologies compared with spontaneous conception (SC), limited to singleton births.
Design:
Systematic literature search and search chaining on online databases: PubMed, Embase, and Scopus.
Setting:
Not applicable.
Patient(S):
Singleton pregnancies from in vitro fertilization (IVF) or fertilization by IVF and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF-ICSI).
Intervention(S):
Not applicable.
Main Outcome Measure(S):
Adjusted odds ratio for stillbirth or prevalence of stillbirth in case-control groups of IVF/IVF-ICSI singletons and SCs, respectively, in matched studies.
Result(S):
A total of 19 studies were included, and study quality was mixed. Ten studies qualified for inclusion to the meta-analysis, which revealed a significantly increased risk of stillbirth in IVF/IVF-ICSI compared with that in SC (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.82 [1.37-2.42]), and there was no evidence of publication bias.
Conclusion(S):
In vitro fertilization and IVF-ICSI treatment increases the risk of stillbirth compared with natural conception.
Clinical Trial Registration Number:
PROSPERO 216768.
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