Diagnostic Classification of Interstitial Lung Disease in Clinical Practice

Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are challenging to diagnose, requiring integration of multiple complex features that are often difficult to interpret. This article reviews a pragmatic approach to ILD diagnosis and classification, focusing on diagnostic tools and strategies that are used to separate different subtypes and identify the most appropriate management. We discuss the evolution of ILD classification and the contemporary approach that integrates routinely used diagnostic tools in a multidisciplinary discussion. We highlight the increasing importance of taking a multipronged approach to ILD classification that reflects the recent emphasis on disease behavior while also considering etiopathogenesis and morphologic features.