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Robotic in situ 3D bio-printing technology for repairing large segmental bone defects.

Lan Li1,2,3, Jianping Shi1,4, Kaiwei Ma2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University, China.

Journal of Advanced Research
|May 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Robotic 3D bio-printing successfully repaired long segmental bone defects in pigs. This 3D bio-printing technique offers a promising alternative for bone regeneration, potentially reducing the need for multiple surgeries.

Keywords:
3D bio-printingIn situRegenerative medicineRoboticTissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Orthopedic Surgery

Background:

  • Traditional treatments for long segmental bone defects often involve multiple surgeries and rely on donor tissues.
  • 3D bio-printing presents a promising alternative for bone defect repair, but in situ application remains challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of robotic in situ 3D bio-printing for repairing long segmental bone defects.
  • To optimize bio-ink properties and printing accuracy for enhanced bone regeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a robotic manipulator 3D printer for in situ bio-printing in a swine model.
  • Optimized bio-ink gelation under physiological conditions for mechanical suitability.
  • Employed a D-H kinematic model to achieve high printing accuracy (0.5 mm).

Main Results:

  • Successfully repaired long segmental defects in porcine tibias within 12 minutes.
  • Demonstrated improved treatment outcomes in the 3D bio-printing group after 3 months.
  • Achieved precise bio-fabrication with the optimized robotic system.

Conclusions:

  • Robotic in situ 3D bio-printing is a viable and effective method for treating long segmental bone defects.
  • This technology shows significant potential for direct clinical translation in orthopedic applications.
  • The study highlights advancements in bio-ink formulation and robotic precision for regenerative medicine.