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Maxillofacial Infections in Covid-19 Era-Actuality or the Unforeseen: 2 Case Reports

D Sai Krishna1, Harsha Raj1, Pranav Kurup1

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, JSS Dental College and Hospital, Room No. 6, Mysuru, Karnataka 570015 India.

Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery : Official Publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India
|May 24, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus face higher risks of secondary infections post-COVID-19. This report details two cases of fungal osteomyelitis and mucormycosis in such patients, both requiring immediate surgical intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Endocrinology
  • Surgical Pathology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted increased risks for patients with diabetes mellitus, particularly concerning secondary infections and systemic complications.
  • Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus is a known risk factor for severe infections and poorer outcomes.
  • Fungal infections, including mucormycosis and osteomyelitis, can be devastating, especially in immunocompromised individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report two cases of severe fungal infections in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus following COVID-19 infection.
  • To emphasize the critical need for prompt diagnosis and surgical management in these high-risk patients.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of two patients with a history of COVID-19 and uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  • Diagnosis of fungal osteomyelitis and mucormycosis confirmed through clinical presentation and microbiological/histopathological examination.
  • Immediate surgical debridement and treatment were performed for both patients.

Main Results:

  • Case 1: Post-COVID-19 patient with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes developed fungal osteomyelitis.
  • Case 2: Post-COVID-19 patient with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes developed mucormycosis.
  • Both patients underwent immediate surgical intervention for their respective fungal infections.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus are at significant risk for severe secondary fungal infections, such as osteomyelitis and mucormycosis, after COVID-19.
  • Prompt surgical management is crucial for improving outcomes in these complex cases.
  • Close monitoring and aggressive treatment of diabetes are essential during and after COVID-19 recovery.
Keywords:
COVID 19DiabeticsMucormycosisOsteomyelitis

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