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Biofilms

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Biofilms are complex communities of microorganisms encased in a self-produced extracellular polysaccharide matrix attached to surfaces. These microbial consortia can include single or multiple species, providing enhanced survival benefits by forming organized, multilayered structures.The formation of biofilms occurs through four key stages: attachment, colonization, development, and dispersal.During attachment, free-swimming planktonic cells adhere to a surface, often facilitated by...

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Updated: Nov 4, 2025

Evaluation of the Efficacy of Organic Peroxyacids for Eradicating Dairy Biofilms Using an Approach Combining Static and Dynamic Methods

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Published on: December 9, 2022

Biofilm Research in Bovine Mastitis.

Regitze Renee Pedersen¹, Volker Krömker², Thomas Bjarnsholt^3,4

¹Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Frontiers in Veterinary Science

|May 24, 2021

Summary

Bacterial biofilms may explain why some bovine mastitis cases resist antibiotic treatment. More research is needed to understand biofilm formation in dairy cows and improve treatment strategies.

Keywords:

antimicrobial resistance antimicrobial therapy biofilm bovine mastitis chronic infections

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Last Updated: Nov 4, 2025

Evaluation of the Efficacy of Organic Peroxyacids for Eradicating Dairy Biofilms Using an Approach Combining Static and Dynamic Methods

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Published on: December 9, 2022

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Intraductal Injection of LPS as a Mouse Model of Mastitis: Signaling Visualized via an NF-κB Reporter Transgenic

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Published on: September 4, 2012

Area of Science:

Veterinary Medicine
Microbiology
Dairy Science

Background:

Bovine mastitis significantly impacts dairy industry economics and animal welfare.
Treatment failures in bovine mastitis lead to increased antibiotic use.
Chronic bacterial biofilm infections are difficult to eradicate and may explain treatment-resistant mastitis.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current literature on bacterial biofilms in bovine mastitis research.
To evaluate the status and methods used in existing biofilm research for bovine mastitis.
To identify knowledge gaps regarding the role of biofilms in bovine mastitis pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies on bacterial biofilm formation in bovine mastitis.
Analysis of research focusing on *in vitro* biofilm properties of mastitis-causing bacteria.
Examination of studies investigating the *in vivo* location and distribution of biofilms in infected udders.

Main Results:

Most research focuses on *in vitro* biofilm formation by bacterial isolates from milk samples.
*In vitro* biofilm observations may not accurately reflect the *in vivo* situation within the udder.
Only two studies have investigated the *in vivo* location and distribution of bacterial biofilms in dairy cows with mastitis.

Conclusions:

The precise role of bacterial biofilms in the pathogenesis of bovine mastitis remains unclear.
Current research predominantly relies on *in vitro* methods, limiting understanding of *in vivo* relevance.
Further *in vivo* investigations are crucial to elucidate the actual role of biofilm formation in bovine mastitis and guide effective treatment strategies.