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Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation

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Cell separation was first achieved in 1964 by S. H. Seal, who separated large tumor cells from the smaller blood cells using filtration. Two years later, Pohl and Hawk performed experiments on how cells respond differently to a nonuniform electric field based on the cell type. Such observations were the inception of cell separation methods, which allow isolating a single cell type from a heterogeneous sample.

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Updated: Nov 4, 2025

Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting of Plant Protoplasts

Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting of Plant Protoplasts

Published on: February 18, 2010

Fluorescence activated cell sorting-A selective tool for plant cell isolation and analysis.

Ioanna Antoniadi¹, Vladimír Skalický², Guiling Sun³

¹Umeå Plant Science Center, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden.

Cytometry. Part a : the Journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology

|May 24, 2021

Summary

This study details best practices for preparing plant protoplasts, which are single-cell suspensions crucial for flow cytometry and cell sorting. These methods enable diverse downstream applications for plant research.

Keywords:

autofluorescence best practices plant flow cytometry and sorting protoplasts viability and integrity

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Last Updated: Nov 4, 2025

Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting of Plant Protoplasts

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Isolation and Transcriptome Analysis of Plant Cell Types

Isolation and Transcriptome Analysis of Plant Cell Types

Published on: April 7, 2023

Area of Science:

Plant Biology
Cell Biology
Biotechnology

Background:

Flow cytometry and cell sorting instruments typically require single-cell suspensions.
Plant tissues are inherently multicellular, with cells bound by rigid cell walls.
Obtaining single-cell suspensions from plants necessitates enzymatic cell wall digestion to yield protoplasts.

Purpose of the Study:

To establish and present best practices for preparing plant protoplasts.
To outline methodologies for analyzing plant protoplasts using flow cytometry and cell sorting.
To discuss the broad range of applications for sorted plant protoplasts.

Main Methods:

Enzymatic digestion of plant cell walls to generate protoplasts.
Optimization of protoplast isolation protocols for various plant species.
Application of flow cytometry for high-throughput analysis of protoplast characteristics.
Utilizing cell sorting to isolate specific protoplast populations.

Main Results:

Demonstration of reliable and reproducible protoplast preparation from diverse plant tissues.
Successful application of flow cytometry for quantitative analysis of protoplast viability and properties.
Efficient isolation of specific protoplast subpopulations via cell sorting.
Validation of downstream molecular and cellular analyses on sorted protoplasts.

Conclusions:

Standardized protoplast preparation protocols are essential for advancing plant cell biology research.
Flow cytometry and cell sorting provide powerful tools for dissecting plant cellular heterogeneity.
Sorted plant protoplasts unlock numerous possibilities for functional genomics, cell biology, and synthetic biology applications.