Spinal movement variability associated with low back pain: A scoping review

Area of Science:

• Biomechanics
• Rehabilitation Science
• Clinical Biomechanics

Background:

• Spinal movement variability (SMV) is a key factor in low back pain (LBP).
• Understanding SMV is crucial for developing effective interventions for LBP.
• Current research on SMV in LBP presents methodological inconsistencies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review methodologies and statistical tools for assessing SMV in LBP.
• To identify factors influencing SMV changes in LBP.
• To evaluate study quality and propose strategies for optimizing SMV in LBP patients.

Main Methods:

• A systematic literature search was conducted across multiple databases.
• Included studies measured trunk angle using motion capture during voluntary movements.
• The Newcastle-Ottawa scale assessed risk of bias; PRISMA-ScR guidelines were followed.

Main Results:

• Eighteen studies (14 cross-sectional, 4 prospective) were included.
• Seven linear and non-linear statistical tools were employed.
• Inconsistent findings on SMV changes in LBP were reported; bias was a concern in many studies.

Conclusions:

• Future studies need to differentiate statistical tools assessing distinct SMV aspects.
• Subgrouping LBP participants by characteristics may reveal different SMV patterns.
• Neuromuscular exercise interventions show potential for modifying SMV in LBP.