Coinfection between SARS-CoV-2 and HIV with a low CD4+ T-cells count
1Udayana University, Medical Faculty, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. ketutsuryana@gmail.com.
Insights
This case study highlights a 32-year-old patient with co-infection of COVID-19 and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The study details the patient's prolonged hospitalization and recovery, emphasizing the need for understanding SARS-CoV-2 in immunocompromised individuals.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Virology
- Public Health
Background:
- Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, presents unique challenges for individuals with pre-existing conditions.
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is a significant comorbidity, raising concerns about increased COVID-19 severity.
- Limited data exists on the clinical characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and HIV co-infection.
Observation:
- A 32-year-old patient presented with symptoms of COVID-19 including fever, dry cough, and shortness of breath.
- The patient had a history of prolonged fever and significant weight loss, indicative of underlying illness.
- Diagnostic confirmation included RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 and PITC for HIV infection.
Findings:
- The patient was diagnosed with co-infection of COVID-19 and HIV.
- A prolonged hospital stay of 18 days was required for management and recovery.
- This case provides insight into the clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 in an individual with HIV.
Implications:
- Understanding the interplay between SARS-CoV-2 and HIV is crucial for managing co-infected patients.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the specific risks and outcomes for people living with HIV (PLHIV) and COVID-19.
- This case underscores the importance of comprehensive diagnostic approaches in patients with complex health profiles.
Abstract:
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection that started in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and has spread rapidly worldwide. It's critical to take extra precautions if a person has chronic illnesses (comorbidities), such as human immunodeficiency (HIV) infection. Concerns about people living with HIV (PLHIV) having a higher risk of serious COVID-19 disease may be based on the assumption that PLHIV are more likely to be immunocompromised. On the other hand, limited information is available in such people about the characteristics of co-infection between SARS-CoV-2 and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) who are at greater risk than the general population. Our findings, is of a 32 year old patient who came to Emergency Unit of Wangaya Hospital, Medical Faculty, Udayana University in Denpasar, Bali with complaint of fever, dry cough, and shortness of breath since prior 3 days and had also the past history prolonged fever, weight loss more than 10% 4 weeks. Diagnosis of COVID-19 was confirmed by nasopharyngeal swab sample was used for RT-PCR assay and PITC to confirm HIV infection. He had prolonged hospitalized and discharge after 18 days.
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