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The new live imagers MitoMM1/2 for mitochondrial visualization.

Miwa Maeda1, Mayu Suzuki1, Shigeo Takashima2

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
|May 25, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed new fluorescent dyes, MitoMM1/2, for imaging mitochondria in living cells. These novel dyes are stable, sensitive to membrane potential, and do not interfere with green fluorescent proteins, enabling better multi-color imaging.

Keywords:
ATTO dyeDetergentLive imagerMitochondria

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Imaging

Background:

  • Mitochondria are vital organelles involved in ATP production and apoptosis.
  • Current fluorescent dyes for mitochondria imaging, like MitoTracker®, have limitations including instability and broad emission spectra, hindering multi-color labeling.
  • Genetically encoded fluorescent proteins (GFP, RFP) offer multi-color labeling but may not always be optimal for specific imaging needs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel, stable, and sensitive fluorescent dyes for live-cell mitochondrial imaging.
  • To overcome the limitations of existing mitochondrial imaging reagents, particularly for multi-color applications.
  • To create mitochondrial imagers with fluorescence properties that do not overlap with common green fluorescent proteins.

Main Methods:

  • Development of novel mitochondrial live imagers, MitoMM1/2, as derivatives of ATTO565.
  • Characterization of MitoMM1/2 for sensitivity to mitochondrial membrane potential.
  • Assessment of MitoMM1/2 resistance to detergents and spectral properties for multi-color compatibility.

Main Results:

  • MitoMM1/2 were successfully synthesized as novel mitochondrial live imagers.
  • These dyes demonstrated sensitivity to mitochondrial membrane potential.
  • MitoMM1/2 exhibited detergent resistance and fluorescence spectra that do not overlap with green fluorescence, facilitating double staining.
  • The developed dyes offer improved stability and spectral characteristics compared to traditional reagents.

Conclusions:

  • MitoMM1/2 represent advanced fluorescent probes for live-cell mitochondrial imaging.
  • These novel imagers enhance the capability for multi-color mitochondrial studies by avoiding spectral overlap with green fluorescent proteins.
  • MitoMM1/2 provide a valuable tool for researchers studying mitochondrial dynamics, function, and apoptosis in living cells.