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Hans and Sybil Eysenck developed a widely recognized theory of personality, which emphasizes the role of temperament and genetically based differences in shaping individual traits. Their theory posits that biological factors primarily determine personality and can be understood through two main dimensions: extroversion/introversion and neuroticism/stability.
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Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
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Trait aggression is associated with five-factor personality traits in males.

Vibeke H Dam1,2, Liv Vadskjaer Hjordt1, Sofi da Cunha-Bang1

  • 1Neurobiology Research Unit, The Neuroscience Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Brain and Behavior
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Summary

Individuals high in Neuroticism and low in Agreeableness and Conscientiousness exhibit higher aggression. Understanding these personality traits is crucial for addressing aggressive and violent behaviors.

Keywords:
Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaireaggressionfive-factor personalityviolent offenders

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Aggression is a spectrum, but studies often miss extreme behaviors.
  • Previous research on personality and aggression used limited behavioral data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the Five-Factor Model personality traits and trait aggression.
  • To analyze these associations in a diverse sample including incarcerated offenders.

Main Methods:

  • Used the NEO Personality Inventory-Revised (NEO PI-R) and Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ).
  • Employed linear regression models with 259 male participants, controlling for covariates.
  • Included a sample of 39 incarcerated aggressive violent offenders.

Main Results:

  • Trait aggression (BPAQ scores) positively correlated with Neuroticism.
  • Trait aggression negatively correlated with Agreeableness and Conscientiousness.

Conclusions:

  • High Neuroticism and low Agreeableness/Conscientiousness predict increased risk of aggressive behavior.
  • Highlights the importance of higher-order personality traits in understanding aggression.
  • Advocates for greater focus on personality differences in violent and criminal behavior research.