Recent developments in the pathogenesis of pruritus in bullous pemphigoid

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a common autoimmune bullous disease which mainly affects the elderly. The incidence of BP is gradually increasing and associated with high mortality. This disease is clinically characterized by intensely pruritic and widespread bullous lesions. Alternative therapy options for pruritus in patients with BP are limited primarily because pathophysiological mechanisms of itching in BP are still unclear. This review aims to explain crucial concepts of the pathogenesis of pruritus in BP. Vital findings in recent years will be summarized, and cofactors of the pathogenesis of pruritus will be discussed in detail. We will summarize knowledge on pathogenic factors in the immunologic level conducing to skin pruritus in BP.