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Titanium nanoparticles potentially affect gingival tissue through IL-13α2 receptor expression.

Taichi Ishikawa1, Shiho Sugawara2, Hidemichi Kihara2

  • 1Division of Molecular Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Iwate Medical University.

Journal of Oral Science
|May 27, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles from dental implants may increase interleukin-13α2 receptor expression in gingival cells. This can enhance transforming growth factor β1, potentially impacting bone resorption and gingival tissue.

Keywords:
IL13RA2dental implantgingival epitheliatitanium

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials science
  • Oral biology
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Dental implants can release titanium nanoparticles.
  • Potential effects on surrounding gingival tissue are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of titanium dioxide nanomaterials on gingival epithelial cells.
  • To analyze changes in gene and promoter expression and their downstream effects.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Ca9-22 gingival epithelial cell lines.
  • Co-cultured cells with titanium dioxide nanomaterials.
  • Analyzed gene and promoter expression using real-time quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence staining for interleukin-13α2 receptor and transforming growth factor β1 mRNA.

Main Results:

  • Titanium dioxide nanomaterials significantly altered gene expression in gingival cells.
  • Interleukin-13α2 receptor (IL13RA2) showed the highest upregulation (8.625 log2 fold change).
  • Confirmed increased interleukin-13α2 receptor expression, which subsequently enhanced transforming growth factor β1 expression.

Conclusions:

  • Titanium dioxide nanomaterials may elevate interleukin-13α2 receptor expression in gingival epithelium near implants.
  • This elevation can stimulate transforming growth factor β1 secretion.
  • Transforming growth factor β1 promotes osteoclast differentiation, potentially affecting bone resorption and gingival tissue health.