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Related Experiment Video

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Gliomas - An experience based on molecular markers.

Susmita Sarma1, Yookarin Khonglah1, Jaya Mishra1

  • 1Department of Pathology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India.

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
|May 27, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Glioma patients with IDH1 mutations show improved survival. Combined analysis of IDH1, ATRX, and p53 aids in glioma diagnosis and prognosis, with IDH1 and ATRX being sufficient for routine cases.

Keywords:
ATRXIDH1gliomasp53

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Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Molecular Pathology
  • Cancer Genetics

Background:

  • Gliomas represent 45% of intracranial tumors.
  • Advances in genetic analysis reveal IDH mutations' link to ATRX and p53.
  • These markers are crucial for improved glioma diagnosis and prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the expression of IDH1, ATRX, and p53 in gliomas.
  • To correlate these molecular markers with clinicopathological parameters.
  • To assess the prognostic value of these markers through patient follow-up.

Main Methods:

  • Included retrospective and prospective glioma cases over five years.
  • Utilized immunohistochemistry to detect IDH1, ATRX, and p53 expression.
  • Quantified marker expression based on intensity and percentage of positive tumor cells.

Main Results:

  • IDH1 positivity varied across glioma subtypes, notably high in diffuse astrocytoma (88%) and oligodendroglioma (90%).
  • Significant association found between IDH1 expression and low-grade gliomas (p=0.028).
  • IDH1-positive gliomas demonstrated improved median survival (21.5 months) compared to IDH1-negative cases (15.8 months).

Conclusions:

  • IDH1 mutations correlate with improved glioma patient survival.
  • Combined analysis of IDH1, ATRX, and p53 offers significant diagnostic and prognostic value.
  • IDH1 and ATRX are sufficient for routine glioma prognostication, with p53 recommended for advanced cases and potential targeted therapies.