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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

49
Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
49
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

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Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight,...
71
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

49
In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
49
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

58
In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
58
COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features01:20

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
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Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology01:29

Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology

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The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 4, 2025

Nasal Brushing Sampling and Processing Using Digital High Speed Ciliary Videomicroscopy – Adaptation for the COVID-19 Pandemic
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COVID-19 in Children: A Narrative Review.

Jennifer F Ha1

  • 1Department of Paediatrics Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Perth Children's Hospital, 15 Hospital Avenue, Nedlands 6009, Western Australia, Australia.

Current Pediatric Reviews
|May 27, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Children infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) generally experience milder symptoms and have limited virus growth. Continued research is vital for managing this vulnerable population effectively.

Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV-2.asymptomaticchildreninfantsneonatespediatricreview

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Pediatrics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by a novel zoonotic coronavirus, affects all age groups.
  • This review focuses on pertinent information regarding COVID-19 in pediatric populations.
  • The scientific community has rapidly generated extensive data since the pandemic's onset.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize key information concerning COVID-19 in children.
  • To provide an overview of the disease's impact on pediatric patients.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was performed using PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase databases.
  • Keywords included "COVID 19" and "children", with searches updated in April 2020.
  • Bibliographic searches and abstract screening were conducted for narrative review inclusion.

Main Results:

  • The review discusses the etiology, transmission, incubation period, and pathophysiology of COVID-19.
  • Clinical features, complications, and management strategies for COVID-19 in children are detailed.
  • Information on SARS-CoV-2 aetiology, transmission, and clinical presentation in pediatric cases is synthesized.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 in children typically presents with milder disease courses and limited viral replication.
  • Many pediatric cases are asymptomatic, highlighting a different disease dynamic compared to adults.
  • Further research is crucial for optimizing the timely management of COVID-19 in children.