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An Automated Approach to Differentiate Drug Resistant Tuberculosis in Chest X-ray Images Using Projection Profiling

Sukanta Kumar Tulo1, Palaniappan Ramu2, Ramakrishnan Swaminathan1

  • 1Department of Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

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Summary

This study uses chest X-rays to differentiate Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) from Drug Sensitive Tuberculosis (DS-TB). Mediastinal features and projection profiling achieved over 93% accuracy, showing potential for automated DR-TB diagnosis.

Keywords:
Tuberculosischest X-raydrug resistantmediastinum

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Radiology
  • Tuberculosis Research

Background:

  • Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) presents a significant global health challenge.
  • Distinguishing DR-TB from Drug Sensitive Tuberculosis (DS-TB) is crucial for effective treatment.
  • Mediastinal variations in chest X-rays may serve as key biomarkers for DR-TB detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate an automated method for differentiating DR-TB from DS-TB using chest X-ray analysis.
  • To investigate the utility of projection profiling and mediastinal features in DR-TB classification.
  • To assess the clinical significance of automated mediastinal analysis in DR-TB diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Chest X-ray images from a public database were utilized.
  • Coherence filtering was applied for image contrast enhancement.
  • Projection profiling was employed to extract feature lines and compute mediastinal and thoracic indices.
  • Three distinct classifiers were used for the classification of DS-TB and DR-TB.

Main Results:

  • Mediastinal features were identified as statistically significant indicators for DR-TB differentiation.
  • A support vector machine with a quadratic kernel achieved classification performance exceeding 93%.
  • The proposed automated analysis demonstrated high accuracy in distinguishing between DR-TB and DS-TB.

Conclusions:

  • Automated analysis of mediastinal features in chest X-rays shows significant clinical potential for differentiating DR-TB.
  • The findings suggest that projection profiling and mediastinal indices can aid in the non-invasive diagnosis of DR-TB.
  • This approach could contribute to improved patient management and treatment strategies for tuberculosis.