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    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Acoustics
    • Electromagnetism

    Background:

    • Periodic permanent magnet (PPM) electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) typically generate shear horizontal (SH) waves that propagate bidirectionally.
    • This bidirectional propagation can lead to signal interference from reflected waves, complicating detection systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and evaluate a novel unidirectional EMAT design for generating SH waves.
    • To overcome the limitations of conventional EMATs by eliminating backward wave propagation and reducing unwanted sidelobes.

    Main Methods:

    • Numerical simulation of a new EMAT design utilizing a conventional PPM array and a dual linear-coil array.
    • Assessment of key design parameters.
    • Experimental validation of the unidirectional EMAT on an aluminum plate for SH0-guided wave generation.

    Main Results:

    • The developed EMAT successfully generated SH0-guided waves predominantly in a single direction.
    • An amplitude ratio exceeding 20 dB was achieved between the enhanced and weakened wave sides.
    • The design eliminated obvious backward traveling sidelobes due to perfectly aligned wavefronts.

    Conclusions:

    • The novel dual linear-coil array EMAT design effectively achieves unidirectional SH wave generation.
    • This unidirectional capability significantly reduces the probability of false alarms in EMAT detection systems.
    • The design offers a promising advancement for ultrasonic testing and NDT applications.