Correlation between neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and vitamin D levels: A meta-analysis

Area of Science:

• Neonatology
• Pediatrics
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a prevalent condition with potential for brain damage.
• Effective prevention, diagnosis, and management are crucial.
• Vitamin D's potential role in regulating bilirubin levels warrants investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the association between neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and vitamin D levels.
• To determine if vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for hyperbilirubinemia in newborns.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, etc.) and clinical trial registries.
• Six case-control studies involving 690 newborns were included after independent screening by two reviewers.
• Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were performed, followed by a meta-analysis using Stata11 software.

Main Results:

• Meta-analysis revealed significantly lower vitamin D levels (7.1 ng/ml) in newborns with hyperbilirubinemia compared to healthy infants.
• Subgroup analysis showed even greater differences in vitamin D levels for infants with bilirubin concentrations between 15-20 mg/dl (9.52 ng/ml lower) and those outside this range (5.35 ng/ml lower).

Conclusions:

• Neonates with hyperbilirubinemia exhibit lower vitamin D levels compared to their healthy counterparts.
• This finding suggests a potential increased risk of developing hyperbilirubinemia in newborns with diminished vitamin D levels.