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Update on infantile hemangioma.

Hye Lim Jung1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
|May 27, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are common benign vascular tumors in infants. Early monitoring and referral for high-risk IHs are crucial, with oral propranolol as the primary treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Hematology-Oncology
  • Vascular Biology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Vascular anomalies are classified into tumors and malformations by the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies.
  • Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are the most common vascular tumors, affecting 5%-10% of infants.
  • IHs exhibit unique glucose transporter-1 protein expression and a distinct clinical course of proliferation and involution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of infantile hemangiomas (IHs), including their classification, clinical presentation, and management.
  • To highlight the recommendations from the 2019 American Academy of Pediatrics clinical practice guideline for IH management.
  • To describe the multidisciplinary approach and current treatment strategies for IHs in Korea.

Main Methods:

Keywords:
HemangiomaPropranololVascular diseaseVascular malformation

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  • Review of the classification of vascular anomalies.
  • Analysis of the clinical course and diagnostic criteria for IHs.
  • Summary of the 2019 American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines for IH management.
  • Description of treatment modalities including oral propranolol, topical timolol, laser therapy, and surgery.

Main Results:

  • Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are diagnosed postnatally, proliferate rapidly in early infancy, and then involute.
  • Approximately 10% of IH cases require early intervention due to high-risk features.
  • Oral propranolol is the first-line treatment, with topical timolol, laser, or surgery for specific cases.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of infantile hemangiomas (IHs) requires timely diagnosis, monitoring, and appropriate treatment based on risk stratification.
  • A multidisciplinary team approach is essential for optimal outcomes in IH management.
  • Adherence to established guidelines ensures the best care for infants with IHs.