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Aluminium phosphide poisoning.

S N Khosla1, N Nand, P Khosla

  • 1Department of Medicine, Medical College and Hospital, Haryana, India.

The Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
|August 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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Aluminium phosphide (AlP) poisoning is a global health concern due to its use as a foodgrain preservative. This study highlights severe toxic effects and the critical need for prompt medical intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Environmental Health
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Aluminium phosphide (AlP) is widely used globally as a fumigant and foodgrain preservative.
  • Increasing incidence of severe human poisoning cases necessitates a better understanding of its toxicological profile.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report clinical experiences with aluminium phosphide poisoning.
  • To identify common severe toxic effects and outcomes in affected patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series analysis.
  • Inclusion of 15 patients presenting with suspected aluminium phosphide ingestion over a two-year period.
  • Clinical data collection on symptoms, complications, and treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

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  • All 15 patients exhibited severe toxicity, including shock, cardiac arrhythmias, pulmonary edema, and renal failure.
  • Seven out of fifteen patients (46.7% survival rate) survived the poisoning.
  • Common complications included multi-organ dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • Aluminium phosphide poisoning is associated with high morbidity and mortality.
  • Early recognition and aggressive management are crucial for improving survival rates in aluminium phosphide poisoning cases.
  • Further research into effective antidotes and treatment protocols is warranted.