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Inelastic Scattering of a Photon by a Quantum Phase Slip.

R Kuzmin1, N Grabon1, N Mehta1

  • 1Department of Physics, Joint Quantum Institute, and Quantum Materials Center, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.

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Researchers achieved efficient single microwave photon splitting into multiple lower-energy photons using quantum phase-slip fluctuations in superconducting waveguides. This quantum many-body simulation offers a new method for studying fundamental physics and strongly correlated systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Circuit quantum electrodynamics

Background:

  • Spontaneous decay of single photons is generally inefficient across all frequencies.
  • Understanding photon-matter interactions is crucial for quantum technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the possibility of efficiently splitting single microwave photons.
  • To explore novel quantum interactions in superconducting systems.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing high-impedance superconducting waveguides.
  • Observing quantum phase-slip fluctuations.
  • Developing a new model of a quantum impurity in a Luttinger liquid.

Main Results:

  • A single incident microwave photon was split into numerous lower-energy photons with near-unit probability.
  • An inelastic photon-photon interaction, unique to this system, was identified.
  • Measured decay rates were accurately explained by the new theoretical model without adjustable parameters.

Conclusions:

  • Quantum phase-slip fluctuations provide an efficient mechanism for photon splitting.
  • The findings link circuit quantum electrodynamics to critical phenomena in 2D boundary quantum field theories.
  • The photon lifetime data serve as a validated quantum many-body simulation.