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Related Concept Videos

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Ideally, the people who observe and record the children’s behavior are unaware of who was assigned to the experimental or control group, in order to control for experimenter bias. Experimenter bias refers to the possibility that a researcher’s expectations might skew the results of the study. Remember, conducting an experiment requires a lot of planning, and the people involved in the research project have a vested interest in supporting their hypotheses. If the observers knew which...
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The blood drainage from the head and neck is primarily managed by three pairs of veins: the external jugular, internal jugular, and vertebral veins. The external jugular veins drain superficial scalp and face structures, passing over the sternocleidomastoid muscles to empty into the subclavian veins.
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Dural Stimulation and Periorbital von Frey Testing in Mice As a Preclinical Model of Headache
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Clinic-based Procedures for Headache.

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    This summary is machine-generated.

    Procedural therapies like onabotulinumtoxinA and nerve blocks offer safe and effective treatments for chronic migraine and other disabling headache disorders. Neurologists need training to implement these evidence-based procedures.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Pain Management
    • Medical Procedures

    Background:

    • Headache disorders are prevalent and significantly impact quality of life.
    • Many effective and safe treatments for headaches involve procedural interventions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the efficacy and safety of procedural therapies for headache disorders.
    • To highlight the role of onabotulinumtoxinA, nerve blocks, and trigger point injections in headache management.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of pivotal clinical trials and recent randomized trials.
    • Evaluation of evidence for onabotulinumtoxinA, greater occipital nerve blocks, trigger point injections, and sphenopalatine ganglion blocks.
    • Assessment of procedural therapies for chronic migraine, acute migraine, and cluster headache.

    Main Results:

    • OnabotulinumtoxinA is an established, well-tolerated preventive therapy for chronic migraine.
    • Peripheral nerve blocks, particularly greater occipital nerve blocks, show evidence for acute and preventive treatment of migraine and cluster headache.
    • Trigger point injections and sphenopalatine ganglion blocks demonstrate recent evidence of efficacy and safety in selected patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Procedural therapies are effective and safe for managing migraine, cluster headache, and other headache disorders.
    • Incorporating these procedures into neurology practice can benefit a large patient population.
    • Medical education is crucial to equip neurologists with the skills for these headache management procedures.