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Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

76
Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
76
Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

112
Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
112
Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

Endocarditis III: Medical Management

72
Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
72
Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:29

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management

112
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
112
Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

123
Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
123
Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

70
Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
70

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Multiple mycotic aneurysms with infective endocarditis: A case report.

Kentaro Mitsui1, Rentaro Oda2, Tetsumin Lee1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Japanese Red Cross Musashino Hospital, 1-26-1 Kyonancho, Musashino City, Tokyo, 180-8610, Japan.

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy : Official Journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy
|May 29, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Infective endocarditis can lead to multiple mycotic aneurysms, even with effective antibiotics. Early cardiac surgery is crucial for infection control to prevent aneurysm progression.

Keywords:
Gastroepiploic arteryHepatic arteryInfective endocarditisMycotic aneurysmsViridans group streptococci

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vascular Surgery

Background:

  • Infective endocarditis, an infection of the heart valves, can lead to serious complications.
  • Mycotic aneurysms, a type of arterial aneurysm caused by infection, are a known but less common complication of infective endocarditis.

Observation:

  • A case of mitral valve endocarditis caused by Streptococcus oralis in a 55-year-old man is presented.
  • Despite initial antibiotic treatment leading to clinical improvement (reduced fever, normalized C-reactive protein, negative blood cultures), the patient experienced recurrent cerebral hemorrhages.
  • Multiple mycotic aneurysms developed and increased in number in the cerebral, hepatic, and gastroepiploic arteries, alongside spleen rupture.

Findings:

  • Antibiotic therapy alone was insufficient to halt the progression of multiple mycotic aneurysms.
  • The development of mycotic aneurysms occurred systemically, affecting major arteries despite initial positive response to antibiotics.
  • Successful management was achieved after a combination of arterial embolization and mitral valve replacement.

Implications:

  • Early consideration of cardiac surgery for infection control is vital in cases of infective endocarditis, irrespective of initial laboratory improvements.
  • The potential for rapid and widespread mycotic aneurysm formation necessitates aggressive management strategies.
  • This case highlights the complex interplay between infective endocarditis, aneurysm formation, and surgical intervention.