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Defining Spotting in Dance: A Delphi Method Study Evaluating Expert Opinions.

Catherine Haber1, Andrea Schärli1

  • 1Institute of Sport Science, Dance Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

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Summary

Dancers use head spotting for rotation, but its purpose is unclear. A Delphi study identified key characteristics like head isolation and gaze, and functions including multiple turns and rhythm, offering new training insights.

Keywords:
ballethead coordinationorientationpirouetterotationtiming

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Area of Science:

  • Dance Science
  • Motor Behavior
  • Kinesiology

Background:

  • Spotting is a common isolated head coordination in dance rotations.
  • The precise reasons and characteristics of spotting remain under-examined.
  • Existing explanations for spotting are sporadic and inconclusive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify critical characteristics and functionalities of spotting in dance rotation.
  • To gain insights into this under-examined motor behavior using a novel methodology.
  • To establish expert consensus on the elements of successful spotting.

Main Methods:

  • A Delphi method survey involving experts from various disciplines.
  • Three rounds of data collection: free response, Likert scale agreement, and Best-Worst Scaling.
  • Analysis of expert rankings to determine consensus and importance of spotting characteristics and functions.

Main Results:

  • Low consensus and differentiation were observed in expert rankings.
  • Key characteristics identified include head isolation, timing, and gaze specificity.
  • Functional benefits include facilitating multiple turns, orientation, and rhythm, beyond reducing dizziness and maintaining balance.

Conclusions:

  • Spotting is a purposeful action in rotation with defined characteristics and functions.
  • Findings provide guidelines for future analysis and training of spotting in dance.
  • Expert consensus was low, indicating the complexity and multifaceted nature of spotting.