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Cardiovascular risks of children with primary snoring: A 5-year follow-up study

Chun Ting Au1, Kate Ching-Ching Chan1, Ping Chook1

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.

Respirology (Carlton, Vic.)
|May 31, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Childhood primary snoring (PS) is linked to long-term cardiovascular issues. Children with PS showed poorer endothelial function and higher blood pressure 5 years later.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pediatrics
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Childhood primary snoring (PS) is a common condition.
  • The long-term cardiovascular implications of childhood PS remain unclear.
  • Investigating the association between childhood PS and cardiovascular outcomes is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if childhood primary snoring (PS) is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
  • To evaluate endothelial function, carotid intima-media thickness, and ambulatory blood pressure at 5-year follow-up.
  • To assess these outcomes irrespective of changes in obstructive sleep apnea severity.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective matched cohort study of children aged 6-18 years at baseline.
  • PS cases were matched with controls with normal sleep studies (obstructive apnoea-hypopnoea index [OAHI] < 1/h).
  • Measurements included flow-mediated dilation (FMD), carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) at baseline and 5-year follow-up.

Main Results:

  • Fifty-five case-control pairs completed the 5.1 ± 1.3 year follow-up.
  • Subjects with childhood PS exhibited significantly lower FMD, greater cIMT, and higher wake and sleep blood pressure levels compared to controls.
  • These associations persisted after adjusting for changes in OAHI and parental cardiovascular disease history.

Conclusions:

  • Childhood primary snoring is associated with poorer endothelial function.
  • Childhood primary snoring is linked to increased carotid intima-media thickness.
  • Childhood primary snoring is associated with elevated ambulatory blood pressure at 5-year follow-up, independent of obstructive sleep apnea severity.
Abstract

Keywords:
blood pressurecarotid intima-media thicknessendothelial functionflow-mediated dilationprimary snoringsleep-disordered breathing

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