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Genetic alterations associated with multiple primary malignancies.

Jenny Nyqvist1,2, Anikó Kovács3, Zakaria Einbeigi4,5

  • 1Department of Surgery, Skaraborg Hospital, Lidköping, Sweden.

Cancer Medicine
|May 31, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study analyzed genetic alterations in breast cancer (BC) and other primary malignancies (OPPM) in young women. Few shared genetic drivers were found, suggesting distinct origins for multiple primary malignancies.

Keywords:
breast cancerdouble cancergenome-wide profilingmultiple primary malignancy

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genomics
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Breast cancer (BC) patients have an increased risk of secondary malignancies.
  • Research on multiple primary malignancies (MPM) often focuses on cancers developing after BC, with less attention to prior malignancies (OPPM).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify genomic drivers of MPM by comparing genetic profiles of BC and OPPM in the same patient.
  • To investigate potential shared genetic alterations contributing to the development of multiple primary malignancies.

Main Methods:

  • Genome-wide profiling of tumor pairs from 26 women (≤50 years) with BC and at least one OPPM.
  • Analysis of DNA copy number alterations and somatic mutations.
  • Clonality testing to assess genetic concordance between primary tumors.

Main Results:

  • Breast cancer (BC) exhibited significantly more genetic alterations than other previously diagnosed primary malignancies (OPPM).
  • TP53 mutations were common in BC, malignant melanoma (MM), and hematologic malignancies (HM).
  • Concordant genetic alterations on chromosomes 1, 3, 16, and 19 were observed in 13 patients.

Conclusions:

  • Few recurrent genetic alterations were identified that explain the development of MPMs within the same patient.
  • Distinct genomic profiles suggest different etiological pathways for BC and OPPM.
  • Larger studies are needed to identify key driver mutations for MPM development.