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Finger ridge-counts correlate with the second to fourth digit ratio (2d:4d)
1Department of Anthropology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.
Summary
This study definitively shows finger ridge-counts correlate with the second to fourth digit ratio. These associations are local and may reflect prenatal hormone influences on digit development.
Area of Science:
- Anthropometry
- Human Biology
- Forensic Science
Background:
- The relationship between finger ridge-counts and the second to fourth digit ratio remains incompletely understood.
- Sex dimorphism in finger ridge-counts requires further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To definitively demonstrate the correlation between finger ridge-counts and the second to fourth digit ratio.
- To investigate sex dimorphism in finger ridge-counts and its relationship with digit ratio.
Main Methods:
- Examined finger ridge-counts for sex dimorphism in a large German sample (1134 males, 1031 females).
- Measured second and fourth digit lengths in a sub-sample to calculate digit ratio.
- Utilized principal component analysis, regression, and ANCOVA to analyze relationships.
Main Results:
- Males generally exhibit higher finger ridge-counts than females.
- Subtle dimorphic features, including digit ratio analogs and digit 1 asymmetry, were identified.
- Digit ratio significantly correlated with principal components reflecting digit contrasts and asymmetry.
Conclusions:
- Provided definitive evidence for a correlation between finger ridge-counts and second to fourth digit ratio.
- Found associations to be local, paralleling digit ratio patterns and asymmetry.
- Results support the hypothesis that prenatal sex hormones influence finger ridge-counts.
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