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Omega-3 supplementation and heart failure: A meta-analysis of 12 trials including 81,364 participants

Mahmoud Barbarawi1, Harini Lakshman2, Owais Barbarawi3

  • 1Department of Cardiology, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA.

Contemporary Clinical Trials
|May 31, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Marine omega-3 fatty acid supplements (omega-3s) did not lower initial heart failure hospitalizations or cardiovascular deaths. However, omega-3s significantly reduced recurrent heart failure hospitalizations in patients with heart failure.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Heart failure (HF) is a major cause of death and hospitalization worldwide.
  • Marine omega-3 fatty acids (omega-3s) have demonstrated benefits in cardiovascular health, including reducing sudden cardiac death and improving left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF%).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of marine omega-3 fatty acid supplements on heart failure hospitalization, recurrent hospitalizations, and cardiovascular mortality in patients diagnosed with heart failure.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials investigating marine omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in heart failure patients.
  • Comparison of outcomes between patients receiving omega-3 supplements and those receiving placebo.

Main Results:

  • Omega-3 supplementation did not significantly reduce the rate of first-time heart failure hospitalizations compared to placebo.
  • Cardiovascular mortality was not significantly decreased in the omega-3 supplemented group.
  • A significant reduction in recurrent heart failure hospitalizations was observed with omega-3 supplementation.

Conclusions:

  • Marine omega-3 fatty acid supplementation may play a role in managing heart failure by reducing the frequency of re-hospitalization.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the specific mechanisms and patient populations that benefit most from omega-3s in heart failure management.

Keywords:
Heart failureHospitalizationOmega-3 fatty acids

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